Certain bacteria that cause pneumonia, notably Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus pneumoniae, exist as both an encapsulated and unencapsulated form. The encapsulated form of these bacteria are protected by a polysaccharide (short chain carbohydrate) capsule, which shields the bacteria from the host's immunilogical response, and confers virulence, or the ability to cause disease, to the encapsulated strains of these bacteria.
The S bacteria are surrounded by a capsule, so it is not engulfed by the host's white blood cells. That means that it is able to proliferate and spread. The R bacteria lack the capsule (like the mutant S bacteria), so the white blood cells are able to detect and eliminate them.
A capsule to a bacterium helps bacteria adhere to surfaces and resist flushing. Several bacteria that have capsules are klebsiella, pneumoniae, bacillus subtillus, and streptococcus pneumoniae.
to stain the outside and the inside of the cell.. so the capsule appears transparent
Unfortunately,there is no importance ot statistical quality control in weight variation test of capsule.
R bacteria have a rough appearance due to the presence of a sugar capsule on their outer surface, making them resistant to the immune system. S bacteria are smooth in appearance and lack the protective capsule, making them vulnerable to the immune system. This difference in structure affects the virulence and pathogenicity of the bacteria.
The live R bacteria acquired a capsule and became live, virulent S bacteria.
capsule
Economic importance of bacteria
Capsule work as protective shield for bacteria. It helps the bacteria to tolerate harsh environment conidition and also it is helpfull in causing disease to animals as the capsule many time defend bacterial cell against immunity of its host.
Capsules appear as a clear halo surrounding stained bacteria when using the capsule stain procedure. The capsule itself does not stain, allowing it to show up as a clear area against the stained background of the bacteria.
capsule
A septifugal capsule is a device used in microbiology to help separate harmful bacteria from the blood sample. It works by enabling the bacteria to move away from the sample and gather at one end of the capsule, making it easier to collect the remaining blood cells for testing.