What is the importance of indwelling urinary catheter care?

What does the medical abbreviation IDC in aged care mean?

In aged care, IDC typically stands for "indwelling catheter," which refers to a catheter that is placed inside the body to drain urine from the bladder. This type of catheter is commonly used in older adults who have difficulty urinating on their own.

How many months CATHETER can it stay with patient?

The duration a catheter can remain in a patient depends on the type of catheter and the specific clinical situation. Generally, indwelling urinary catheters are recommended to be replaced every 2 to 4 weeks to minimize the risk of infection. However, some types of catheters, such as those used for long-term access in dialysis or certain treatments, may remain in place for several months with appropriate care and monitoring. Always consult a healthcare professional for individual recommendations.

What is the purpose of indwelling catheterization?

Palliative care, skin ulceration caused by incontinence, a delay in bladder sensation, preoperative preparation, relief for an initial episode of acute urinary retention.

Why is indwelling catheterization used?

Palliative care, managing skin ulceration, for those undergoing surgical procedures or with chronic neurological disorders, bladder outlet obstruction, relief from acute urinary retention.

Why would someone need a chronic urinary catheter?

"Urinary catheters are used to drain the bladder. Your health care provider may recommend a catheter for short-term or long-term use because you have or had: Urinary incontinence (leakage of urine or the inability to control when you urinate) Urinary retention (being unable to empty the bladder when you need to) Surgery that made a catheter necessary, such as prostate or gynecological surgery Other medical conditions such as multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, or dementia" - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003981.htm

Can you use a urethra sound instead of a urethra gauge?

The act of measuring the circumference of the urethra with a urethra gauge is called urethra gauging, an assessment performed by a health-care provider.The act of dilating the size of the urethra with a urethra sound is called urethra sounding, an intervention performed by a health-care provider.Urethra sounds are used to dilate the size of the urethra, usually performed by a urology specialist (urologist). This process of urethra sounding is performed on patients with urethra strictures as an intervention. This process of dilating the urethra differs from the measurement process in that the process of urethra sounding is an intervention. The process of urethra gauging is an assessment. Urethra gauges are used by doctors, nurses, and physician assistants to measure the circumference of the urethra prior to insertion of a urinary catheter, indwelling urinary catheter/Foley catheter. However, patients that undergo urinary catheterization without first the use of a urethra gauge are more likely to require the services of a urologist to circumvent further complications of improper urinary catheterization.

Urinary catheters?

DefinitionA urinary catheter is any tube system placed in the body to drain and collect urine from the bladder.Alternative NamesCatheter - urine; Foley catheter; Indwelling catheter; Suprapubic cathetersInformationUrinary catheters are used to drain the bladder. Your health care provider may recommend a catheter for short-term or long-term use because you have or had:Urinary incontinence (leakage of urine or the inability to control when you urinate)Urinary retention (being unable to empty the bladder when you need to)Surgery that made a catheter necessary, such as prostate or gynecological surgeryOther medical conditions such as multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, or dementiaCatheters come in many sizes, materials (latex, silicone, Teflon), and types (Foley, straight, coude tip). A Foley catheter, for example, is a soft, plastic or rubber tube that is inserted into the bladder to drain the urine.In general, the smallest possible catheter will be used. Some people may need larger catheters to control urine leakage around the catheter or if the urine is thick and bloody or contains large amounts of sediment.There are three main types of catheters:Indwelling catheterCondom catheterIntermittent (short-term) catheterINDWELLING URETHRAL CATHETERSAn indwelling urinary catheter is one that is left in place in the bladder. Indwelling catheters may be needed for only a short time, or for a long time. These catheters attach to a drainage bag to collect urine. A newer type of catheter has a valve that can be opened to allow urine to flow out, when needed. An indwelling catheter may be inserted into the bladder in two ways:Most often, the catheter is inserted through the urethra, which is the tube that brings urine from the bladder to the outside of the bodySometimes, the doctor will insert a tube, called a suprapubic catheter, into your bladder from a small hole in your belly. This is done as an outpatient surgery or office procedure.An indwelling catheter has a small balloon inflated on the end of it. This prevents the catheter from sliding out of the body. When it's necessary to remove the catheter, the balloon is deflated.CONDOM CATHETERSCondom catheters are most frequently used in elderly men with dementia.There is no tube placed inside the penis. Instead, a condom-like device is placed over the penis. A tube leads from this device to a drainage bag. The condom catheter must be changed every day.INTERMITTENT (SHORT-TERM) CATHETERSSome people only need to use a catheter on occasion. Short-term, or intermittent, catheters are removed after the flow of urine has stopped. For more information on this type of catheter, see: Clean intermittent self-catheterization.DRAINAGE BAGSA catheter is usually attached to a drainage bag. There are two types:A leg bag is a smaller drainage device that attaches by elastic bands to the leg. It is usually worn during the day, because it fits discreetly under pants or skirts. It is easily emptied into the toilet.A down drain is a larger drainage device. It may be used during the night. This device is hung on the bed or placed on the floor.The drainage bag must always stay lower than the bladder to prevent urine from flowing back up into the bladder. Empty the drainage device at least every 8 hours, or when it is full.Some experts recommend cleaning the drainage bag periodically. Remove the drainage bag from the catheter (attach the catheter to a second drainage device during the cleaning).Cleanse and deodorize the drainage bag by filling the bag with two parts vinegar and three parts water. You can substitute chlorine bleach for the vinegar and water mixture. Let this solution soak for 20 minutes. Hang the bag with the outlet valve open to drain and dry the bag.HOW TO CARE FOR A CATHETERTo care for an indwelling catheter, cleanse the urethral area (where the catheter exits the body) and the catheter itself with soap and water every day. Also thoroughly cleanse the area after all bowel movements to prevent infection.If you have a suprapubic catheter, the opening in your belly and the tube must be cleansed daily with soap and water, then covered with dry gauze.Drinking plenty of fluids can help prevent infections. Discuss this issue with your health care provider.Wash your hands before and after handling the drainage device. Do not allow the outlet valve to touch anything. If the outlet becomes obviously dirty, clean it with soap and water.Some people have occasional leakage of urine around the catheter. This may be caused by a catheter that is too small, improper balloon size, constipation, urinary tract infections, or bladder spasms.If bladder spasms occur or there is no urine in the drainage bag, the catheter may be blocked by blood or thick sediment. Or, there may be a kink in the catheter or drainage tubing. Sometimes spasms are caused by the catheter irritating the bladder. Such spasms can be controlled with medication, although most patients eventually adjust to the irritation and the spasms go away. If you have been shown how to irrigate (or flush) the catheter, doing so may help reduce spasms. If you have not been instructed on irrigation, and urine is not flowing into your collection device, contact your health care provider immediately.POTENTIAL COMPLICATIONSComplications of catheter use include:Allergy or sensitivity to latexBladder stonesBlood infections (septicemia)Blood in the urine (hematuria)Kidney damage (usually only with long-term, indwelling catheter use)Urethral injuryUrinary tract or kidney infectionsContact your health care provider if you develop or notice:Bladder spasms that do not go awayBleeding into or around the catheterCatheter draining very little or no urine, despite drinking enough fluidsFever or chillsLeakage of large amounts of urine around the catheterSkin breakdown around a suprapubic catheterStones or sediment in the urinary catheter or drainage bagSwelling of the urethra around the catheterUrine with a strong smell, or that is thick or cloudyIf the catheter becomes clogged, painful, or infected it will need to be replaced immediately.ReferencesMoy ML, Wein AJ. Additional therapies for storage and emptyhing failure. In: Wein AJ, ed. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Sauders Elsevier; 2007: chap 70.Wierbicky J, Nesathurai S. Spinal cord injury (thoracic). In: Frontera WR, Silver JK, Rizzo Jr TD, eds. Essentials of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2008: chap 147.

What is Foley’s Catheter and when is it needed?

Foley’s Catheter is a thin, flexible catheter used especially to drain urine from the bladder by way of the urethra. Foley’s catheter is needed in cases such as: • In cases of acute urinary retention • When intake and output are being monitored • For preoperative management • To enhance healing in incontinent patients with open sacral and perineal wounds • For patients on prolonged bedrest • For patients needing end-of-life care

What is aftercare for the male catheterization procedure?

Establishing a catheterization schedule may require a period of adjustment. To prevent urinary tract infection antiseptic techniques for insertion and catheter care should be used.

Can a body reject a catheter over years of being catheterized?

Yes, a body can develop a reaction to a catheter over years of being catheterized, known as catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD). This can be due to irritation of the bladder mucosa or the presence of a foreign body in the urinary tract. In some cases, the body may develop scar tissue or inflammation around the catheter site, leading to difficulties with catheterization. Proper catheter care and regular monitoring by healthcare professionals can help mitigate these risks.

Catheter-related UTI?

DefinitionA urinary tract infection, or “UTI,” is an infection that can occur in your kidneys, in the tubes that take urine from your kidneys to your bladder, or in your bladder.You have an indwelling catheter (tube) in your bladder. "Indwelling" means inside your body. This catheter drains urine from your bladder into a bag outside your body.When you have an indwelling urinary catheter, you are more likely to develop a UTI. These infections are more likely if you have the catheter in place for a long time.Bacteria cause most UTIs that are related to having a catheter. A fungus called Candida can also cause UTIs.Alternative NamesUTI - catheter associated; Urinary tract infection - catheter associated; Nosocomial UTI; Health care associated UTI; Catheter-associated bacteriuriaCauses, incidence, and risk factorsMany types of bacteria or fungi can cause a catheter-related UTI. In general, they are more resistant to common antibiotics than bacteria causing other types of UTIs.Common reasons to have an indwelling catheter are:Urine leakage (incontinence)Not being able to urinateSurgery on your bladder, prostate, or vaginaDuring a hospital stay, you may have an indwelling catheter:Right after any type of surgeryIf you are very ill and cannot control your urineSymptomsAbnormal urine color (cloudy urine)Blood in the urine (hematuria)Foul or strong urine odorFrequent and strong urge to urinatePressure, pain, or spasms in your back or the lower part of your bellyLeakage of urine around the catheterOther symptoms that may occur with a UTI:ChillsFatigueFeverFlank painMental changesor confusion *Vomiting*Often in an elderly person, mental changes or confusion are the only signs of a possible urinary tract infection.Signs and testsUrine tests will check for infection:Urinalysis may show white blood cells (WBCs) or red blood cells (RBCs).Urine culturecan help determine the type of bacteria in the urine and the appropriate antibiotic treatment.Your doctor may recommend an ultrasound or CT exam of your urinary system.TreatmentBecause there is a risk that your infection may spread to your kidneys, antibiotics are almost always used to treat a UTI.Most of the time, you can take antibiotics by mouth. It is very important to take all of them, even if you feel better before you finish them.If your infection is more severe, you may need to receive antibiotics directly into your bloodstream. These will be given through an intravenous line, or IV.Besides antibiotics, you may also receive medicine to lessen bladder spasms.Your catheter will need to be changed when you have a UTI.You will need more fluids to help flush bacteria out of your bladder.If you are treating yourself at home, this may mean drinking 2 - 3 quarts of fluid a day, if your doctor says this is okay.Avoid fluids that irritate your bladder. Some of these are alcohol, citrus juices, and drinks that have caffeine in them.After you have finished your treatment, you will have another urine test to make sure the bacteria are gone.Expectations (prognosis)UTIs related to catheters can be harder to treat than other UTIs. Having many infections over time may lead to kidney damage or kidney stones and bladder stones.If a UTI is not treated, you may develop kidney damage and more severe infections.Calling your health care providerCall your health care provider if you have:Any symptoms a urinary tract infectionBack or flank painFeverVomitingPreventionIf you have an indwelling catheter, you must do these things to help prevent infection:Clean around your urethra (where the catheter comes out) every day.Clean the catheter with soap and water every day.Clean your bottom thoroughly after every bowel movement.Always keep your drainage bag lower than your bladder so that the urine in the bag does not go back into your bladder.Empty the drainage bag at least every 8 yours, or whenever it is full.Have your indwelling catheter changed at least once a month.Wash your hands before and after you touch your urine.Your health care provider might advise you to drink more fluids every day. This is not healthy for everyone, so talk with your doctor before you do this.Your health care provider may prescribe a low-dose antibiotic to take every day to keep bacteria from growing in your catheter.ReferencesFishman N, Calfee DP. Prevention and control of health care-associated infections. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Cecil Medicine. 24th ed.Philadelphia,PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 290.Hooton TM. Nosocomial urinary tract infections. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2009:chap 304.Infectious Disease Society ofAmerica.Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection in Adults: 2009 International Clinical Practice Guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Society ofAmerica. Clin Inf Dis.2010;50:622-663.Norrby SR. Approach to the patient with urinary tract infection.In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Cecil Medicine. 24th ed. Philadelphia,PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 292.Reviewed ByReview Date: 02/26/2012David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M. Health Solutions, Ebix, Inc

Catheter-associated UTI?

DefinitionAcatheter-associated urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that occurs in someone who has a tube (called a catheter) in place to drain urine from the body.Alternative NamesUTI - catheter associated; Urinary tract infection - catheter associated; Nosocomial UTI; Health care associated UTI; Catheter-associated bacteriuriaCauses, incidence, and risk factorsHaving a catheter within the urinary tract your chances of an urinary tract infection. It may also make it harder to treat the infection.If a urinary catheter is left in place for a long time, bacteria will grow in it. A harmful infection may occur if the number of bacteria becomes large or if specific harmful bacteria grow in the urinary tract.Most catheter-associated UTIs are caused by bacteria. However, the fungus Candida may cause infections of the urinary tract.SymptomsAbnormal urine color (cloudy urine)Blood in the urine (hematuria)Foul or strong urine odorFrequent urge to urinateLeakage of urine around the catheterPressure in the lower abdomen or pelvisOther symptoms that may occur with this disease:ChillsFatigueFeverFlank painMental changesor confusion *Vomiting*Often in an elderly person, mental changes or confusion are the only signs of a possible urinary tract infection.Signs and testsThe health care provider will perform a physical exam. Urine tests are done to check for infection:Urinalysis may show white blood cells (WBCs) or red blood cells (RBCs).Urine culturecan help determine the type of bacteria in the urine and the appropriate antibiotic treatment.TreatmentMild cases of acute UTI may disappear on their own without treatment. However, because of the risk of the infection spreading to the kidneys (complicated UTI), treatment is usually recommended.In most cases, treatment can be done on an outpatient basis.MEDICATIONSAntibiotics may be used to control the bacterial infection. It is very important that you finish all of your prescribed antibiotics. Commonly used antibiotics include:Cephalosporins (such as ceftriaxone or cefepime)Fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin or levaquin)Penicillins (amoxicillin)Quinolones (ciprofloxacin)Medications to relax the bladder spasms (anticholinergics) may also be given.Phenazopyridine hydrochloride (Pyridium) may be used to reduce burning and urinary urgency.SURGERYSurgery is generally not needed for catheter-related urinary tract infection. However, chronic in-body catheters (Foley or suprapubic tube) should be changed every month. Proper sterile techniques must be used.DIETIncreasing the amount of fluids to 2,000 - 4,000 cc per day increases urine flow. This flushes bacteria from the bladder. Avoid fluids that irritate the bladder, such as alcohol, citrus juices, and caffeine.MONITORINGFollow-up may include urine cultures to ensure that bacteria are no longer present in the bladder.Expectations (prognosis)Cystitis(bladder infection) associated with catheters is often difficult to treat. Most people who have a catheter in place for any period of time will develop some type of cystitis.ComplicationsChronic or recurrent urinary tract infectionKidney or bladder stonesKidney damage or chronic scarring (hydronephrosis)Severe infection of the bloodstream (sepsis)Calling your health care providerCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of cystitis or a catheter-related UTI.If you have cystitis, call if your symptoms get worse if you develop:Back or flank painFeverVomitingPreventionUrinary catheters should only be used when clearly needed and not just for convenience. They should be removed when they are no longer needed. See: Urinary cathetersInfections occur less often with using intermittent catheterization infections compared to an indwelling catheter.Routine care of the indwelling catheter must include daily cleansing of the urethral area and the catheter with soap and water. Clean the area thoroughly after all bowel movements to prevent infection. Experts no longer recommend using antimicrobial ointments around the catheter, as they have not been shown to actually reduce infections.Increase fluid intake to 3,000 cc of fluid per day, unless you have a medical condition that prohibits this increase. Also, always keep the drainage bag lower than the bladder to prevent a backup of urine into the bladder.Empty the drainage device at least every 8 hours or when it is full. Take care to keep the outlet valve from becoming infected. Wash your hands before and after handling the drainage device.Your health care provider may prescribe a daily low-dose antibiotic to control bacterial growth in an indwelling catheter. Cranberry juice or vitamin C may also be recommended to help prevent UTIs.ReferencesHooton TM. Nosocomial urinary tract infections. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2009:chap 304.Moore KN, Fader M, Getliffe K. Long-term bladder management by intermittent catheterisation in adults and children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;4:CD006008.