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The inner ear translates sound into nerve impulses for the brain, and maintains the balance of the body. There are three main sections:

- Cochlea: It is coiled portion and auditory portion of inner ear. It reacts to vibrations in various frequencies by sending neural impulses to the brain. The primary section is called the Organ of Corti, containing 15,000 to 20,000 nerve receptors.

- Semi-circular canal: Three fluid filled canals horizontal semi-circular canal, posterior semi-circular canal and anterior semi-circular canal are called semi-circular canals. The fluid inside these canals is called endolymph. The dilation at one end of canal is called ampulla. Ampulla contains Cupula and hair cells. Semi-circular canals are responsible for body balance and detect direction of rotation of head.

- Vestibule: It is located between the semi-circular canals and cochlea. Its anterior and inferior part has several minute holes for the passage of filaments of acoustic nerve (auditory nerve) to saccule. Saccule detects the motion of head when it moves vertically. At the upper and back of vestibule a structure called utricle detects the degree of tilt movement of head.

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11y ago

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