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The most common way new species form is through a process called allopatric speciation, where populations of a single species become geographically isolated from each other. This isolation prevents gene flow, allowing each population to evolve independently due to natural selection, genetic drift, and mutations. Over time, these evolutionary changes can accumulate to the point where the populations become distinct species. Other mechanisms, such as sympatric speciation, can also occur, but allopatric speciation is the most widely observed.

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3w ago

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