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The Thyroid gland is located in the front of the neck. It has most important part to play in regulating energy production, and also interacts with how fast other hormones are made in the body, and thus how fast the body grows.

It is controlled by the hypothalamus and the pituitary.

It may suffer from growing too large, or being too small. A common cause of it being too large is a deficiency of iodine in the diet, and the gland grows in an attempt to get more. (ineffective strategy). The same shortage of dietary iodine can also cause cretinism.

Countries or locations far from the sea sometimes have an iodine deficiency. This is simply remedied by using iodized table salt. [Iodine is the heaviest element necessary to human nutrition.]

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