Epidermis is the outermost layer in plants just like the skin. Epidermis protects the internal tissues from mechanical injury and pathogens.It also helps in exchange of gases , transpiration and other processes.Root hair present on epidermis of root help in absorption of water and mineral from soil.
To minimize the rate of transpiration
In dicot plants the lower epidermis is frequently ruptured by stomata and thus helps in gaseous exchange and transpiration.
Plants have epidermis layers to protect against water loss, pathogens, and damage from the environment. The epidermis also contains specialized cells like guard cells that regulate gas exchange and stomata that allow for transpiration and photosynthesis.
Because lower epidermis remains away from the light and in the absence of light the water loss through transpiration is minimized.
The thick waxy cuticle on the epidermis of plants helps prevent water loss by creating a barrier that reduces transpiration. It also provides protection against harmful UV radiation, pathogens, and insects. Additionally, the cuticle can help reduce mechanical damage to the plant's surface.
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Lemna, also known as duckweed, form their stomata in the upper epidermis to increase gas exchange efficiency. Placing stomata on the upper surface allows for easier access to carbon dioxide from the air for photosynthesis while minimizing water loss through transpiration. This adaptation helps lemna thrive in their aquatic environment.
Evaporation is the process by which water from the Earth's surface, such as bodies of water or soil, is converted into water vapor and released into the atmosphere. Transpiration, on the other hand, is the process by which plants release water vapor through their leaves. Both evaporation and transpiration contribute to the water cycle by adding moisture to the atmosphere.
The characteristics of the epidermis help it in playing its role. It has a thick protective layer and it also has tight junctions within the epithelial cells.
This process is called transpiration.