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The intact endothelium of the blood vessel prevents blood fromclottingin the cardiovascular system. They block platelet adhesion and activation by production of nitric oxide and prostacyclin which are also potent vasodilators. The Anti coagulant effects of the endothelium are also mediated by thrombomodulin and membrane-bound heparin which in activates thrombin.

The endothelium also produces tissue plasminogen activator promoting fibrinolysis that removes fibrin deposits from the endothelial surface.

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