Iron deficiency anemia. The normal hematocrit (ratio of packed red blood cells to total blood volume) rules out anemia due to loss of blood cells through hemorrhage or sickling. Below-normal hemoglabin indicates an iron deficiency in this case. No available iron = no hemoglobin produced.
Congestive heart failure causes increased hemoglobin. When the underlying cause is anemia; the body will respond by increasing production of red blood cells (RBCs); withe a responding increase in hematocrit (the percentage of red blood cells in whole blood). Increased RBCs leads to increased hemoglobin levels.
It is increased. The lower air pressure in general leads to lower levels of oxygen and so the body compensates by making more red blood cells.
There is no known direct link between anemia and sleep deprivation.
Part of it is that kidneys produce erythropoetin, which is a hormone that stimulates red blood cell production in normal people. In kidney disease, this process is diminished. Also, it is thought that people with some chronic diseases develop what is called "anemia of chronic disease" and it's not clear how this is played out, but it leads to chronic anemia . Also, people with kidney disease are often fluid over-loaded, and may have a dilutional effect, where the hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration seems lower than it actually is due to so much fluid in the system. So it's likely due to a combination of the above reasons.
Increased hematocrit is the effect of living at high elevation. The human body compensates by increasing the volume of RBC in order to absorb as much oxygen on areas of high atmospheric pressure.
Clinically significant hemolysis is rare problem but it can affect red blood cell count and density of plasma. Studies have been done about the effect of hemolysis on hematocrit and the results stated that the changes appear too small to be accurately detected.
In very rare cases this combined affect is documented in the paper: "Identification of a SLC19A2 nonsense mutation in Persian families with thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia" by Setoodeh A et al 2013.
Megaloblastic (Macrocytic) Anemia. Basically the Red Blood Cells have a larger volume (MCV).
Aplastic anemia
flat t wave in chest leads --- --s.t.
It is sickle cell anemia.
Hematocrit measures the proportion of blood volume composed of red blood cells, while reticulocytes are immature red blood cells indicative of bone marrow activity in producing new red blood cells. In polycythemia, an abnormal increase in red blood cell mass leads to elevated hematocrit levels. A high reticulocyte count in polycythemia may suggest active erythropoiesis, often in response to hypoxia or other stimuli, indicating that the body is attempting to compensate for the increased red blood cell mass.