The molecules on pathogens that enable the immune system to distinguish one kind of pathogen from another are called antigens. Antibodies destroy pathogens by binding to the antigens on the pathogen.
Antibodies are special molecules of protein produced by the immune system that match parts of pathogens and prevent them from infecting cells.
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Chemotactic molecules. These molecules are released by damaged tissues or pathogens to recruit immune cells to the site of infection or inflammation.
Pathogens are the disease causing agent while antigens are found in the antibodies that fight against the pathogens. So in short, no they aren't the same.
Yes, antibodies are Y-shaped proteins produced by the immune system in response to pathogens. They can attach to specific antigens on pathogens, marking them for destruction by other immune cells.
Compliment proteins are small molecules found within the blood stream. The help or "compliment" the abilities of phagocytic cells and antibodies.
The important effector functions of antibody molecules include opsonization, where antibodies mark pathogens for destruction by immune cells, neutralization, where antibodies block the ability of pathogens to infect host cells, and complement activation, where antibodies trigger a cascade of proteins to help destroy pathogens.
Antibody protein A works by binding to specific molecules on the surface of pathogens, marking them for destruction by immune cells. This helps to neutralize the pathogens and prevent them from causing harm in the body.
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules are marker molecules on cells that the immune system uses to recognize pathogens. MHC molecules present fragments of pathogens on the cell surface to alert immune cells to the presence of the pathogen. This helps the immune system to target and eliminate infected cells.
DNA molecules.
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