glycerols and fatty acids
Fatty acid molecules and glycerol
Fat undergoes digestion by Pancreatic enzyme 'Lipase'. For that bile salt helps in emulsification of Fat, so that very large surface area is created for action of enzyme. Fats are splits into Glycerol and Fatty acids like Palmitic acid (16 carbons chain.),Strearic acid (18 carbon chain.) and Arachidonic acid (20 carbon chain.). And then absorbed in small intestine.
The end products of fat digestion are fatty acids and glycerol.
After you've eaten a roast dinner, fill up the tray that held the potatoes with water, and watch as giant globules of oil settle on the surface. Now imagine this taking place in your intestines. To enhance the surface area for enzymes to act upon, emulsification takes place to break these large blobs of fat molecules into smaller blobs. The example above was a simplified, but effective analogy. Digestion is where enzymes break up the individual fat molecules into smaller products, which are then easier to absorb into the blood. Emulsification = breaking down lots of fat molecules into smaller clumps of fat molecules. Digestion = breaking one fat molecule into smaller products.
Digestion breaks down fat, carbohydrates, and protein into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by your GI tract. Without it, no absorption --> malnutrition --> death
Lipids are fats so they are either stored as fat or used as energy.
Function of Bile juiceBile juice helps in emulsificaton of fats.How Bile emulsifies fatsBile is alkaline solution. Its molecules have dual nature (one end is attracted to water molecule while other is attracted to aft molecule). Thus its molecules remain in between water molecules and fat molecules (emulsification process).If bile molecules were not present between fats and water, the fat molecules would be repelled by water molecules and be attracted to each other. The fat molecules would merge together because fats are insoluble in water. The merged fats would not be easily broken down with lipase (fat digesting enzyme).So bile attractes the fat molecules and separate them from each other. It makes the fat digestion easier.
the bile converts larger molecules of fat into emulsified fat by a process called emulsification
as we know enzymes assist in chemical digestion as they act on food, such as fat molecules, and break them down into simpler forms we can absorb. Bile salts, formed in the liver and secreted from gall bladder into the small intestine, act to emulsify large fat globules into smaller fat droplets. Emulsification is the process of breaking things into smaller parts (much like how detergents work). The basically break apart the fat molecules and cover them in a 'soapy' shield which prevents them from joining back together. This gives the fat molecules a larger surface area on which the enzymes can act to break them down. thus, the emulsification of fats helps their digestion by enzymes as the process creates a larger surface area on which the enzymes can work.
The main process by which most products of fat digestion are absorbed by the body is through the small intestine. Fat digestion occurs in the small intestine where bile and enzymes break down fats into fatty acids and glycerol. These smaller molecules are then absorbed into the bloodstream through the lining of the small intestine and transported to cells throughout the body for energy or storage.
The litmus solution is used in the fat digestion experiment to indicate changes in pH as a result of the breakdown of fats by lipase enzyme. When fats are broken down, fatty acids are released, which can lower the pH of the solution and cause the litmus paper to change color. This helps to visually demonstrate the process of fat digestion in the laboratory setting.
Bile makes large fat molecules into very small one and that allows the enzyme lipase to further break down fat. It doesn't matter if it is pigs or humans.