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Knee Rotation:

- as extension progresses, shorter, more highly curved lateral condyle exhausts its articular surface and

is checked by ACL, whereas larger and less curved medial condyle continues its forward

roll & skids backward, assisted by tightening of PCL;

- result is a medial rotation of femur (external tibial rotation) that tightens collateral ligaments, & joint is "screwed home",

to use mechanical phraseology;

- flexion of extended knee is preceded by lateral rotation of femur (or medial rotation of tibia), usually produced by popliteus;

- this rotation relaxes the tension of the collateral ligaments sufficiently to permit flexion;

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