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What large molecule is broken down by thyroid cells to produce thyroid hormones?
Thyroglobulin is the large molecule broken down by thyroid cells to produce thyroid hormones. Thyroid peroxidase enzymes help in this process by cleaving thyroglobulin to release thyroid hormones like thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).
Where does the chemical reaction between thyroglobulin and iodine take place?
The chemical reaction between thyroglobulin and iodine takes place inside the thyroid follicles of the thyroid gland. Thyroglobulin, a protein produced by the thyroid gland, acts as a substrate for iodine molecules to attach and form thyroid hormones like thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).
How are thyroid hormones stored?
They are stored in the colloid as the protein thyroglobulin. Thyroglobulin is essentially T3 and T4 linked together into a protein.
What do thyroglobulin levels indicate?
Thyroglobulin levels can indicate the presence of thyroid cancer, monitoring of thyroid cancer treatment effectiveness, or the presence of autoimmune thyroid diseases such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis. High levels can indicate thyroid cancer recurrence, while low levels can occur after thyroid surgery when the thyroid gland has been removed.
What is the protein produced by follicle cells of the thyroid?
thyroglobulin
What is the histology of the thyroid gland?
The thyroid gland is composed of follicles lined by follicular cells that produce thyroid hormones (T3 and T4). These follicles are filled with colloid, which stores thyroid hormone precursor thyroglobulin. The gland also contains parafollicular cells (C cells) that produce calcitonin.
What materials must be available to synthesize thyroid hormones?
The materials needed to synthesize thyroid hormones include iodine, tyrosine (an amino acid), and specific enzymes involved in the conversion process. Iodine is crucial for the formation of thyroid hormones, while tyrosine provides the backbone structure for their synthesis. Enzymes such as thyroperoxidase are responsible for catalyzing key steps in the production of thyroid hormones.
My thyroglobulin and thyroperoxidase levels were both elevated Thyroglobulin was 90 Thyroperoxidase was 845 What does this mean?
Elevated thyroglobulin and thyroperoxidase levels typically indicate an autoimmune thyroid condition, such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis or Graves' disease. Thyroglobulin is a protein produced by the thyroid gland, while thyroperoxidase is an enzyme involved in thyroid hormone production; elevated levels suggest that the immune system may be attacking the thyroid. It's essential to consult your healthcare provider for further evaluation and appropriate management based on your symptoms and medical history.
What is the hormone of the thyroid?
T3-Triiodothyronin and T4-Thyroxine. These are amino acid based thyroid hormones that bind to receptors within the cell. They are stored in the colloid for about a couople of weeks as a protein called thyroglobulin.
Responsible for production of thyroid hormones?
The thyroid gland, located in the neck, is responsible for producing thyroid hormones known as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones are crucial for regulating metabolism, growth, and energy production in the body.
What is the difference between adrenal hormones and thyroid hormones?
Adrenal hormones come from you adrenal glands and thyroid hormones come from your thyroids.
What disease is associated with excessive amounts of thyroid hormones?
The disease that is associated with excessive amounts of thyroid hormones is hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is a thyroid condition that causes the thyroid to become overactive. An overactive thyroid produces too much thyroid stimulating hormones.
