The most abundant type of macroglial cell, astrocytes(also called astroglia) have numerous projections that anchor neurons to their blood supply. They regulate the external chemical environment of neurons by removing excess ions, notably potassium, and recycling neurotransmitters released during synaptic transmission.
The current theory suggests that astrocytes may be the predominant "building blocks" of the blood-brain barrier. Astrocytes may regulate vasoconstriction and vasodilation by producing substances such as arachidonic acid, whose metabolites are vasoactive.
Astrocytes.
A nerve cell cannot also be called a neuroglial cell. A neuroglial cell is a cell that has a primary function of supporting neurons.
Oligodendrocytes - specialized neuroglial cells that assist in production of the myelin sheath.
The cell wall is the protection or barrier around the cell to maintain the cell's shape.
Cell Wall
Astrocytes are star-shaped neuroglia that form the blood brain barrier between blood vessels and neurons.
Schwann cells and satellite cells are neuroglial cells located in the PNS
The thin, flexible barrier around a cell is called the cell membrane. It regulates the flow of materials in and out of the cell and helps maintain the cell's shape and integrity.
The cell membrane helps maintain the cell's shape and acts as a barrier to control what enters and exits the cell.
Microglia function as phagocytes.
Cell membrane acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and its environment. It controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell to maintain internal conditions, allowing the cell to function properly. The cell membrane is selectively permeable, allowing only specific molecules to pass through.
The protective barrier surrounding the cell is called the cell membrane or plasma membrane. It regulates the movement of molecules in and out of the cell, providing a barrier to protect the cell's contents and maintain its internal environment.