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What else can I help you with?
The adult spinal cord extends only to which vertebral level?
The spinal cord ends between the 1st and 2nd vertebrae.
Gray rami communicantes connect to what two structures?
White rami communicantes (sing. ramus communicans) are literally white branches of communication between each spinal nerve and the sympathetic trunk. Their color is white because these lines of communication contain mainly myelinated nerve fibers of pre-ganglionic general visceral efferents from the spinal cord. Many of the pre-ganglionic nerve fibers synapse at the corresponding spinal segment level, and thus build a sympathetic ganglion at that level. Other pre-ganglionic white fibers either ascend or descend in the sympathetic trunk before synapsing in sympathetic ganglia above or below the spinal segment of origin. The sympathetic ganglia are literally knots in the sympathetic cord primarily containing cell bodies of the post-ganglionic neurons, whose axons are unmyelinated and gray in color. These unmyelinated post-ganglionic nerve fibers rejoin the spinal nerve at that level via the gray rami communicantes,as well as ascending or descending to adjacent levels. The white rami may also contain lightly myelinated sympathetic afferents whose cell bodies in the dorsal root ganglia synapse in the dorsal horn gray of the spinal cord. ANSWER: Carry preganglionic axons to the sympathetic chain
Do the white communicating rami contain myelinated preganglionic sympathetic nerve fibers and are present in all apinal nerves?
Yes and No. White communicating rami contain mylinated preganglionic sympathetic nerve fibers, but are only present at the levels of spinal cord segments T1-L2 (where the cell bodies for these nerve fibers exist in the lateral horn of the spinal cord). Although the sympathetic fibers only arise in the T1-L2 spinal cord segments, they are dispersed to all spinal nerves by traveling through the sympathetic chain. The preganglionic sympathetic fibers will enter the sympathetic chain thru whit rami communicans and then do one of 4 things: 1. synapse with a postganglionic cell body in the sympathetic chain at the level it enters 2. ascend within the chain to synapse 3. descend within the chain to synapse 4. splanchnic nerves leave the chain without synapsing and synapse closer to the organ they innervate.There are, however, GRAY rami communicans for all spinal nerves.I hope that helps
What is the spinal cord terminus?
Not much information here in context to efficiently answer the question but I will try. The spinal cord generally ends (terminates) around the L1 vertebral level in the lumbar spinal column give or take a level or so in normal humans. After this, small spinal nerves continue down in a sac and exit the lumbar and sacral spine to innervate the pelvis and lower extremities.
At the c7-t1 level What does spinal canal and neuroforamina are patent mean?
At the C7-T1 level, when it is stated that the spinal canal and neuroforamina are patent, it means that these structures are open and unobstructed. The spinal canal houses the spinal cord, while the neuroforamina are openings where spinal nerves exit the vertebral column. Patency indicates that there are no significant blockages, lesions, or abnormalities that could compress or interfere with the spinal cord or nerve roots. This is a positive finding, suggesting normal anatomical conditions in that region.
What does Conus medullaris terminates at t12 l1mean?
Conus medullaris is the lower end of the spinal cord. L1 is level 1 of the lumbar vertebral. T12 refers to the 12 thoracic pairs. It shows the position at the spinal cord where the conus medullaris ends.
Where in the vertebral column is a lumbar puncture usually done?
between L4 and L5 because the spinal cord stops near L2 and a needle introduced below this level will miss the spinal cord and encounter only nerve roots, which are usually pushed aside.
The lumbar puncture must be done below the?
The lumbar puncture must be done below the level of the spinal cord termination (conus medullaris), which is typically at the L1-L2 vertebral level in adults. Placing the needle below this point reduces the risk of spinal cord injury.
What is spondylolyis?
Spondylolyis is a condition where there is an injury (stress fracture or fracture) in the pars interarticularis of the posterior elements of the spine. Spondylolisthesis describes the anterior displacement of a vertebra or the vertebral column in relation to the vertebrae inferior to it. The forward translation of the vertebral body causes narrowing of the central spinal canal at the level of the slip.
What is the cause of quadriplegia?
quadriplegia occurs after damage to the upper spinal cord at the level of the shoulders or higher (the nerves controlling the arms leave the spine at that level).
What does Conus medullaris terminates at t12-l1mean?
Conus medullaris is the lower end of the spinal cord. L1 is level 1 of the lumbar vertebral. T12 refers to the 12 thoracic pairs. It shows the position at the spinal cord where the conus medullaris ends.
What is the main cause of quadriplegia?
quadriplegia occurs after damage to the upper spinal cord at the level of the shoulders or higher (the nerves controlling the arms leave the spine at that level).
