Fibrosis occurs, so fibres replace the cells
scar tissue.
scar tissue.
Stem cells can repair a damaged heart by turning into new cardiac cells to replace the damaged tissue.
Cardiac myocytes (heart muscle cells) do not regenerate. They can get bigger (hypertrophy), but new cells are not made under normal circumstances. This means that when you have a heart attack or another injury to the heart and cardiac cells die, they are replaced by fibrous scar tissue which does not contract like normal heart tissue does.
Two types of tissues that are largely replaced by scar tissue are cardiac muscle tissue and nervous tissue. In the heart, after a myocardial infarction (heart attack), damaged cardiac muscle is replaced by fibrous scar tissue, which does not contract or function like healthy muscle. Similarly, in the nervous system, injuries to neurons often result in scar tissue formation by glial cells, which inhibits regeneration and functional recovery.
In cardiac disorders, myoglobin levels in the blood may increase due to damage to heart muscle cells. Elevated myoglobin levels can indicate myocardial infarction (heart attack) or other types of cardiac injury. Myoglobin is released into the blood when heart muscle cells are damaged, making it a useful biomarker for detecting and monitoring cardiac disorders.
Damaged cells of an organism are usually repaired through the process of mitosis, where the damaged cell divides and produces two identical daughter cells. This allows for the organism to replace the damaged cells with healthy cells, maintaining proper functioning of tissues and organs.
Cardiac tissue has limited regenerative capacity primarily due to the low proliferation rate of cardiomyocytes, the heart muscle cells. After injury, such as a heart attack, the damaged cells are replaced by scar tissue rather than new muscle cells, which impairs the heart's function. Additionally, the complex structure and specialized functions of cardiac tissue require precise cellular organization that is difficult to restore. Factors like the lack of stem cell presence and the inhibitory environment created by inflammation further hinder regeneration.
Cardiac muscle cells cannot regenerate, meaning that they have limited ability to repair and replace damaged muscle tissue. This is because most cardiac muscle cells are terminally differentiated and do not undergo cell division.
heart attack is the dead of cardiac tissues due to insufficent supply of blood.
Cardiac muscle has the least capacity to regenerate. Once heart muscle cells (cardiomyocytes) are damaged due to injury or disease, such as a heart attack, they are not effectively replaced. This limited regenerative ability leads to scar tissue formation, which can impair heart function. In contrast, other muscle types, such as skeletal muscle, have a greater capacity for regeneration due to the presence of satellite cells.
Dead or damaged cells are replaced by nearby healthy cells that divide and multiply to fill in the empty space. In some cases, stem cells can also differentiate into the specific cell type needed to replace the damaged cells.