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Medial strabismus is caused by cranial nerve damage. There is no such thing as a medial strabismus injury that causes a nerve to be damaged, rather the damaged nerve causes strabismus. A strabismus refers to the misalignment of the eyes or a deviation in gaze. A medial strabismus would be the result of damage to the abducens nerve (cranial nerve VI). CNVI innervates the lateral rectus muscle of the eye, which pulls the eye laterally. Therefore, if this nerve is damaged, the eye is no longer able to pull laterally, and the tonus of the medial rectus muscle acts unopposed. This pulls the eye medially, causing medial strabismus.

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