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The endocrine capacity of the pancreas is best known for its secretion of insulin, a hormone. The pancreas, however, also has many digestive capabilities in that it secretes many enzymes needed for digestion of nutrients. The majority of the pancreas is exocrine tissue producing digestive enzymes and bicarbonate to digest and neutralize the chyme in the duodenum. The endocrine glands of the pancreas are the Islets of Langerhans, which only make up about 1 to 2 percent of the pancreas' mass. However, these Islets are very important and critical to the health of a human since they produce glucagon (alpha cells), insulin (beta cells), and somatostatin (delta cells). Glucagon and insulin are critical enzymes for maintaining a constant blood sugar level. Somatostatin, as the name suggests, stops body growth in general.

The stomach, pancreas, duodenum, and liver all can be categorized as in the digestive and endocrine system.

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