skin and mucous membranes
Lysozymes
the body's second line of defense against pathogens is the B cells.
Cell 1 may be a white blood cell responsible for fighting off pathogens such as bacteria and viruses. These cells play a crucial role in the immune response by detecting and destroying invading pathogens to protect the body against injury and infection.
Antibodies are important for the immune system's defense against pathogens because they specifically target and neutralize harmful invaders like bacteria and viruses, helping the body to fight off infections and stay healthy.
Resident normal flora compete with pathogens for nutrients and space, thereby preventing pathogens from colonizing and causing infections. Additionally, normal flora can produce substances that inhibit the growth of pathogens or modulate the immune response to promote defense against invading pathogenic organisms.
Lysosomes are used by white blood cells to digest and destroy bacteria. These organelles contain enzymes that break down the bacteria into smaller particles, effectively neutralizing the threat. The process of lysosomal digestion is crucial for immune responses and defense against invading pathogens.
4
The immune system of the body provide a defense against abnormal cells and pathogens inside living cells. Generally this results into rise in temperature of the body. Therefore, fever is the indication of having war against abnormal cells and pathogens.
saliva, mucus, hairs and Skin
White blood cells, particularly macrophages and neutrophils, use phagocytosis as a mechanism of defense against invading pathogens. These cells engulf and digest foreign particles such as bacteria, viruses, and cellular debris to protect the body from infections.
The immune system
The immune system is the body's defense mechanism against pathogens like bacteria, viruses, and parasites. It works to identify and neutralize these potentially harmful invaders to protect the body from infections and diseases. The immune system includes various cells, tissues, and organs that work together to mount a response against foreign substances.