Collateral
The medial collateral ligament (MCL) provides medial stability to the knee joint while the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) provides lateral stability.
Cruciate Lateral Medial
ACL, PCL, lateral collateral ligament, medial collateral ligament
In the knee joint you have synovial membrane. Medial co lateral and lateral co lateral ligaments. Inside the joint, you have anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments. and medial and lateral menisci. These all are supported by knee cap. It help to keep the soft tissue of the knee in position and there by helps in movement of the joint.
The patella is prevented from excessive lateral displacement due to the alignment of the patellar ligaments, particularly the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL). Additionally, the trochlear groove of the femur provides a bony structure that helps guide the patella during movement, limiting its lateral movement. Strong muscles around the knee joint, such as the quadriceps and vastus medialis, also play a role in stabilizing the patella and preventing lateral displacement.
There are 2 sets of ligaments in the knee, the collaterals - medial collateral ligament (MCL) and lateral collateral ligament (LCL), and the cruciates - anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). Ligaments are thick fibrous bands like ropes and their job is to provide stability by holding the knee bones together. See the related link for more information on the different knee ligaments
You can describe them as medial to the scapula.
The opposite of medial is lateral. Medial refers to a location closer to the midline of the body, while lateral refers to a position further away from the midline.
Patellar ligament (anterior). Two popliteal ligaments (posterior). Anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments (inside joint capsule). Tibial collateral ligament (medial). Fibular collateral ligament (lateral).
Internal or external to what? The knee joint? There are a number of knee ligaments e.g. anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments are internal to the knee joint but the medial and lateral collateral ligaments are external to the knee joint
The shoulders are lateral and inferior to the eyes. The eyes are superior and medial to the shoulders.
Both the Medial and lateral menisci are outside the synovial cavity but within the joint cavity. The Medial meniscus is larger than the lateral meniscus. The Medial meniscus is C shaped where as the lateral mensicus is circular shaped. The Medial meniscus is directly attached to the medial collateral ligament, where as the Popliteal muscle interferes in between the attachment of lateral meniscus and lateral collateral ligament.