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Functionally, a valve can only control whether or not a channel isopen. If open, flow goes from high pressure to low.

In the venous and lymphatic system the need is to move fluid one direction only in a system where the surrounding pressures fluctuate. Mother Nature fashioned a moving barrier, the valve, with flexible flaps that point downstream. Any back-flow tendency (higher pressures in the direction of the heart) will catch the flaps and flip them closed. As soon as pressure on the inlet side (the extremities) increase, the flaps relax, flop open, and allow downstream flow.

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