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1- arteries have a thicker tunica media ( i.e. smooth muscle layer) baing pulsatile while veins being non-pulsatile do need smooth muscles in their wall just to maintain the tone or to adjust the size of lumen.

2- thinner walls of veins with more elasticity give them more compliance and thus they can store more blood serving the function of blood reservoirs.

N.B. exchange of nutrients, gases and fluids occurs only in capillaries thus it has nothing to do with the thickness of arterial or venous walls.

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