If you are talking about Humans, there is something called COPD, or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, which is a whole subset of disease states. Emphysema, and Asthma are subsets of COPD. Generally, this is a degenerative disease that can be made worse by smoking or second hand smoke. The reason this happens is there are elastic fibers in the lung itself - after we take a full breath, and relax, the air is exhaled, and the elastic fibers help our lung recoil to the resting state. The anti-Trypsin in our bodies fights to keep the Trypsin that ALSO resides in our bodies from digesting the elastic fibers as we age. With age, and/or smoking, this process is sped up. As the lung progressively lose their ability to recoil, breathing can become more compromised, with a progressive increase in work to breathe. The front to back (AP) diameter of the chest increase, and flattens the diaphragm, which "stretches" the lungs, and makes the diaphragm less effective. Since the Diaphragm does 66% of the work, this makes the work to breathe increase significantly.
Also known as Total Lung Capacity- the maximum amount of air your lungs can hold if you forcefully inhale.
LENGTHENED
When fully stretched out, the surface area of the lungs is estimated to be about the size of a tennis court, roughly 70 square meters (750 square feet). This large surface area is essential for efficient gas exchange, allowing oxygen to enter the bloodstream and carbon dioxide to be expelled. The extensive branching of the bronchi and alveoli contributes to this expansive area, maximizing the lungs' functionality.
Rubber bands become warm when stretched repeatedly because the mechanical deformation causes friction between the polymer chains in the rubber, generating heat. This frictional heat is a result of the movement and reorganization of the polymer chains as the rubber is stretched.
When lungs recoil, they passively return to their resting state after being stretched during inhalation. This recoil helps to expel air during exhalation by reducing the volume within the lungs, causing air pressure to increase and air to be pushed out.
You become very fat and stretched out. Good luck with that.
heavy smoking.
spotted salamanders grow lungs when they become a juvenile and a adult living on land
The gills are replaced by lungs as they become adults
pleuritis
They appear redder because they have picked up oxygen at the lungs.
breathing is the human action that causes the lungs to be filled with air.