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Down syndrome, caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21, leads to developmental delays and intellectual disabilities due to the disruption of normal brain development and function. The additional genetic material affects the production of proteins critical for neurological development, resulting in differences in brain structure and connectivity. These changes can impair cognitive abilities and lead to challenges in learning and adaptive functioning. However, the degree of intellectual disability can vary significantly among individuals with Down syndrome.
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The genetic disorder characterized by varying degrees of mental retardation is known as?
Down syndrome is the genetic disorder characterized by varying degrees of mental retardation. It is caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21. Symptoms of Down syndrome can vary widely, but intellectual disability is a common characteristic.
What is the difference between Down syndrome and mental retardation?
Mental retardation is a side effect of Down Syndrome. Down syndrome or trisomy 21 (or Down's Syndrome in British English) is a chromosomal disorder caused by the presence of all or part of an extra Twenty-first chromosome. Children with Down syndrome tend to share certain physical features such as a flat facial profile, an upward slant to the eyes, small ears, a single crease across the center of the palms, and an enlarged tongue. A doctor can usually tell if a newborn has the condition through a physical exam. Down Syndrome also causes mild to moderate mental retardation.
Is A child with Down's Syndrome mentally retarded?
Yes Down's Syndrome will mean some mental retardation. However many are still quite capable of living a good life.
If you have some sort of mental retardation does that mean you have Down syndrome?
No. Down's is only one of millions of reasons to become retarded. While it used to be thought that only children with Down's were the only ones who were mentally retarded, it is now known that Down syndrome is only one of the hundreds of known causes of a child being mentally retarded. It's even been documented that one-third of the children who are mentally retarded have no known cause. Two other major known causes are Fragile X and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Disorder. Like Down syndrome, Fragile X Syndrome is a chromosome abnormality. However, FASD is not a chromosome abnormality. FASD is the only preventable -- 100% preventable -- cause of mental retardation. It is also the only one that is 100% untreatable. It's actually been estimated that FASD affects 40,000 infants each year. That is more than Spina Bifida, Down syndrome and Muscular Dystrophy combined. Lots of research is being done endlessly -- with parental education being the most important.
How do you deal with retarded persons?
Treat them the same as everyone else. Parents that have children with mental retardation should seek help to raise these children.http://www.parents.com/health/down-syndrome/down-syndrome-resources/
Is Down syndrome a social disease?
Social disease is a euphemism for venereal afflictions such as Aids, Syphilis, Gonnorhea, etc. Downs syndrome is a form of Mental Retardation, not a veneral malady.
Why are the term cognitive impairment or cognitively challenged preferred over the term mental retardation for children with autism or down syndrome?
It is more accurate.
What chromosome mutations can cause mental retardation?
Chromosome mutations such as aneuploidy (caused by trisomy or monosomy of specific chromosomes), microdeletions (e.g. Cri du Chat syndrome), and translocations (e.g. Fragile X syndrome) are known to be associated with mental retardation or intellectual disabilities. These mutations can disrupt normal gene function and development in the brain, leading to cognitive impairments.
What has the author Mohammed Rachidi written?
Mohammed Rachidi has written: 'Molecular mechanisms of mental retardation in Down syndrome' -- subject(s): Down syndrome, Genetic Models, Genetics, Methods, Models, Genetic, Molecular aspects, Molecular aspects of Down syndrome, Molecular biology
Which genetic disorder does an extra chromosome cause?
An extra chromosome can cause genetic disorders such as Down syndrome, which is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21. This leads to developmental delays, intellectual disabilities, and certain physical characteristics.
How many new cases of congenital CMV disease occur every year in the US?
About 40,000 babies are born in the U.S. each year with CMV. CMV is the second leading cause of mental retardation, after down's syndrome.
How are cells of a person with Down syndrome different from those of a person without the disorder?
In Down syndrome, a person's cells have an extra copy of chromosome 21. In other words, instead of a pair of chromosomes, a person with Down syndrome has three of that chromosome. Down syndrome most often occurs when chromosomes fail to separate properly during meiosis. People with Down syndrome have a degree of mental retardation. Heart defects are also common, but can be treated.
