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How does insulin transport glucose into cells?
Insulin is secreted via the pancreas when blood sugar is above normal, such as after eating a candy bar. The glucose from that candy bar needs to enter your cells to be stored for later. Think of insulin as the key for opening the door to the cell to let glucose in, without it, you couldn't use the energy from food, which is called diabetes. This is a way simplified version of what actually goes on in this cellular response but I hope it helped!
How does the hormone regulates blood glucose levels?
The hormone that regulates blood glucose levels is insulin plus a second hormone, glucagon. Insulin lowers blood glucose levels and glucagon increases blood glucose levels. Insulin actually carries the glucose molecule across the cell membrane. That is how it actually lowers the glucose molecules in the blood. Glucagon causes the liver, which stores glycogen, to convert it to glucose which is released in the blood. These two hormones form a feedback mechanism which keeps glucose stable.
What cells in the pancreas play a role in diabetes?
Insulin...When the blood-sugar level in your body is too high, your pancreas produces more insulin which then allows the glucose to be absorbed by body cells. The glucose level will then reduce. When the Blood-sugar level is too low, your pancreas does not release insulin, which mean that less glucose is absorbed in body cells. The glucose level in the blood is therefore increased.
Does the Beta Cells in the pancreatic islets produce insulin?
The gene for producing insulin is present in every body cell, but the pancreas is the only thing that makes it and yes. It also produces and secretes the enzymes that digest fat, proteins and starch molecules.
Does ordinary milk have any glucose?
Almonst all food and liquids (other than water) that humans consume have some form of sugar (look for words ending in -trose, like dextrose). As well, almost every food or liquid, including milk, breaks down in the digestive tract and forms "glucose", which is the body's and cell's fuel. As we eat or drink, the pancreas secretes insulin. Insulin is needed to carry glucose into the cells to be converted to energy. In Diabetes, the pancreas cannot secrete insulin and so, the body stores the glucose into fat cells. When the body needs energy, stored glucogen reverts to glucose for the cell's energy needs.
How does insulin effect blood sugar and how does this relate to type 1 and type 2 diabetes?
Insulin is the chemical released from the pancreas (in non-Diabetics) to lower blood sugar whenever we eat. Type 1 Diabetics are insulin dependent (need to inject themselves with insulin to stay at a healthy blood sugar level) and Type 2 Diabetics who don't necessarily look after themselves well may need to become insulin dependent.
What enzyme does diabetes affect?
Diabetes prevents the production of the peptide hormone insulin. This hormone is necessary for glucose to cross the cell membrane to enter the cell. The cell needs glucose to make energy to work otherwise they will die even as the outside of the cell is full of glucose.
What does insulin do to blood glucose?
Insulin response comes about from receptor tyrosine kinase. When insulin binds to the alpha portion of the RTK, the receptors dimerize. This results to its beta intracellular portion to autophosphorylate. This creates a binding site for IRS-1. When IRS-1 is activated, it recruits glut-4 receptors, allowing glucose to be taken in from the blood (therefore blood conc. will fall under insulin)
What would you do to help a friend who had inadvertently taken an overdose of insulin?
Insulin works to lower blood-glucose levels by promoting uptake of glucose by cells which will use it to fuel cellular metabolism. Give them something to eat, preferrably something with plenty of sugar, like a candy bar!
What do we call the chemical that cells need to work and reproduce?
Cells need many chemicals, but perhaps you are thinking of DNA.
Does insulin suppressed gluconeogenesis?
Yes, insulin suppresses gluconeogenesis. When insulin levels are high, it signals the body to use glucose for energy rather than create new glucose from non-carbohydrate sources like amino acids or fats. This helps regulate blood sugar levels and promotes storage of excess glucose for future energy needs.
How does insulin regulate blood sugar in your body?
Insulin is released by the pancreas, and serves two important functions in blood-glucose control. Firstly, it encourages muscle and liver cells to take glucose from the blood. This is all very well, but glucose is soluble in the cytoplasm, and this poses a problem for osmoregulation, in the cells, so insulin also stimulates the conversion of glucose into glycogen - an insoluble sugar, which can then be stored until it is needed for respiration by cells.
