Atenolol is a cardioselective beta-blocker, meaning it primarily affects beta-1 adrenergic receptors in the heart, which reduces the risk of bronchoconstriction in patients with COPD, who have sensitive airways. In contrast, propranolol is non-selective and can block both beta-1 and beta-2 receptors, potentially exacerbating respiratory symptoms in COPD patients. Therefore, atenolol is generally preferred for managing cardiovascular issues in this population while minimizing respiratory complications.
COPD patient
Hypoxic drive.
because elasticity of alveoli is diminished in patient with COPD therefore administering more than 4liters/minute will collapse alveoli and patient may die.
intermittent temperature according to the condition
sitting upright at least 45 degree ange
88 to 93 o2
2 liters per minute
That is the good question and you probably know the answer. In case of the COPD patient you have less perfusion of the oxygen. The red blood cell production is stimulated by the low concentration of the oxygen.
acidic due to build up of co2
COPD patients usually don't have a positive nitrogen balance, as the disease is more often associated with a general exhaustion of the body, and as such a net loss of total body protein. If a COPD patient does have a positive nitrogen balance, it simply means that the patient has eaten more protein than what has been broken down and excreted. This would most likely be associated with a positive net caloric intake and a gain of muscle weight.
your a stage 4 COPD patient
When administering oxygen to a patient with COPD, it is essential to start with low flow rates, typically between 1 to 2 liters per minute, to avoid suppressing their respiratory drive. Monitor the patient's oxygen saturation closely and aim for a target SpO2 of 88-92%. Careful titration is important to prevent hypercapnia and potential respiratory acidosis. Always consult with a healthcare provider regarding specific oxygen therapy protocols for COPD patients.