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If it's a structural MRI, it will show you a picture of the structure of your brain, allowing you to see the shape and location of different brain areas. Since the 'normal' layout of the brain is known, an individual's brain can then be compared to the 'normal' brain to check for abnormalities like bleeding in the brain, or tumors, or signs of cell death, etc.

If it's a functional MRI (fMRI), it shows the activity of brain regions. For example, if you scan a person who is not looking at anything, you will see an image of the brain activity. Now, if you scan this same person while they are looking at something, you will see that the areas responsible for visual processing have a higher level of activity. Subtracting the amount of activity from the image taken when the person wasn't looking at something from the image taken when they were will let you determine how much this brain region activated in response to what you showed them.

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