Choledocholithiasis is the presence of a gallstone in the common bile duct. The stone may consist of bile pigments or calcium and cholesterol salts.
Alternative NamesGallstone in the bile duct; Bile duct stone
Causes, incidence, and risk factorsAbout 15% of people with gallstones will develop stones in the common bile duct, the small tube that carries bile from the gallbladder to the intestine.
Risk factors include a previous medical history of gallstones. However, choledocholithiasis can occur in people who have had their gallbladder removed.
SymptomsSymptoms usually do not occur unless the stone blocks the common bile duct. Symptoms that may occur include:
Tests that show the location of stones in the bile duct include the following:
Your doctor may order the following blood tests:
The goal of treatment is to relieve the blockage.
Treatment may involve:
Blockage and infection caused by stones in the biliary tract can be life threatening. However, with prompt diagnosis and treatment, the outcome is usually very good.
ComplicationsCall for an appointment with your health care provider if abdominal pain with or without fever develops that is not attributable to other causes, if jaundice develops, or if other symptoms suggestive of choledocholithiasis occur.
ReferencesVerma D. EUS vs MRCP for detection of choledocholithiasis. Gastrointest Endosc. 2006;64(2):248-254.
Chari RS, Shah SA. Biliary system. In: Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery.18th ed. St. Louis, Mo: WB Saunders; 2008:chap. 54.
Afdhal N. Diseases of the gallbladder and bile ducts. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap. 159.
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transhepatic cholangiography
A test that could demonstrate choledocholithiasis is an MRCP (Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography) or an ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography). These tests can visualize the bile ducts and detect the presence of stones. Additionally, an ultrasound or a CT scan may also be helpful in diagnosing choledocholithiasis.
The four diseases that make up gallstone disease are cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder), choledocholithiasis (stones in the common bile duct), cholangitis (inflammation of the bile duct), and pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas).
A condition of stones in the common bile duct is called cholelithiasis. Cholelithiasis refers to the presence of gallstones in a persons gallbladder or bile duct
Choledocholithiasis is when gallstones have escaped from the gallbladder and have become lodged in the much smaller bile ducts that drain the liver and gallbladder. Picked up with MRI scan or ultrasound
Cholecystolithiasis is the abnormal condition of stones in the gallbladder. Choledocholithiasis is the abnormal condition of stones in the common bile duct.
choledocho, as in choledocholithiasis (stone in the CBD)The combining for for bile duct is Choladoch/o
1: Excessive destruction of erythrocytes, as in hemolysis, causes excess bilirubin in the blood.2: Malfunction of Liver Cells (Hepatocytes) because of Liver disease prevents the Liver from excreting bilirubin with bile.3: Obstruction of bile flow, such as from choledocholithiasis or tumor, prevents bilirubin in bile from being excreted into the duodenum.
The stones are called Cholesterol stones (made from cholesterol-green/yellow color) or pigmented stones (which are made from bilirubin- blackish tarry color)
Cystolithiasis is the presence of a stone in a bladder ("cysto" refers to the bladder, "lithiasis" refers to stones). Since there are two bladders in the body -- the gallbladder and the urinary bladder -- the term cystolithiasis technically does not specify which one. However, it usually refers to stones in the urinary bladder.Having stones in the gallbladder is a condition that's given its own name: cholecystolithiasis ("chole" refers to bile). However, with gallstones, the term usually used is simply cholelithiasis. If the stone happens to be in the common bile duct, then the term choledocholithiasis is used.Ah, the sweet arbitrariness of medical terminology. :-)
So one need laparoscopic gallbladder surgery if he/she has the followings: Cholelithiasis, i.e. presence of one or more stones in the gallbladder. Cholecystitis, which is an inflammation of the gallbladder. types – acute, chronic and gangrenous. Gallbladder Polyp Cholesterolosis of Gall bladder Adenomyomatosis of the Gall bladder Biliary dyskinesia, which said to be occurred when the gallbladder doesn’t empty bile correctly due to genetic defect. Choledocholithiasis, which occurs when gallstones move to the common bile duct and obstruct the biliary flow resulting in jaundice. Gallstone Pancreatitis, which is an inflammation of the pancreas resulting from gallstones.