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Selective deficiency of IgA is the most common immune deficiency disorder. Persons with this disorder have low or absent levels of a blood protein called immunoglobulin A.
Alternative NamesIgA deficiency
Causes, incidence, and risk factorsIgA deficiency is usually inherited, which means it is passed down through families. However, cases of drug-induced IgA deficiency have been reported.
It may be inherited as an autosomal dominant or autosomal recessivetrait. It is found in approximately 1 in 700 individuals of European origin. It is less common in people of other ethnicities.
See also: Celiac disease - sprue
SymptomsMost people with selective IgA deficiency have no symptoms.
Symptoms include frequent episodes of:
- Bronchitis
- Chronic diarrhea
- Conjunctivitis(eye infection)
- Mouth infection
- Otitis media(middle ear infection)
- Pneumonia
- Sinusitis
- Skin infections
- Upper respiratory tract infections
Other symptoms include:
- Bronchiectasis(a disease in which the small air sacs in the lungs become damaged and enlarge)
- Unexplained asthma
There may be a family history of IgA deficiency. Tests that may be done include:
- IgA
- IgG
- IgG subclass measurements
- IgM
- Quantitative immunoglobulins
- Serum immunoelectrophoresis
No specific treatment is available. Some people gradually develop normal levels of IgA without treatment.
Infections should be treated with antibiotics. In some cases, longer courses of antibiotics may be needed to prevent infections from coming back.
Those with selective IgA deficiency who also have IgG subclass deficiencies can benefit from immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatments given through a vein.
Autoimmune disease treatment is based on the specific problem.
Note: People with complete IgA deficiency may develop anti-IgA antibodies if given blood products and IVIG. This may lead to allergies or life-threatening anaphylactic shock. These individuals can safely be given IgA-depleted IVIG.
Expectations (prognosis)Selective IgA deficiency is less harmful than many other immunodeficiency diseases.
Some people with IgA deficiency will recover on their own and begin to produce IgA in larger quantities over a period of years.
ComplicationsAn autoimmune disorder such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus,or celiac sprue may develop.
Patients with IgA deficiency may develop antibodies to IgA, and can have severe, even life-threatening reactions to transfusions of blood and blood products. If transfusions are necessary, washed cells may be cautiously given.
Calling your health care providerConsider genetic counseling if you have a family history of selective IgA deficiency and you plan to have children.
If you have an IgA deficiency, be sure to mention it to your health care provider if IVIG or other blood-component transfusions are suggested as a treatment for any condition.
PreventionGenetic counseling may be of value to prospective parents with a family history of selective IgA deficiency.
ReferencesAzar AE. Evaluation of the adult with suspected immunodeficiency. Am J Med. 2007;120(9):764-768.
Ballow M. Primary immunodeficiency diseases. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 271.
Morimoto Y. Immunodeficiency overview. Prim Care.2008;35(1):159-157.
What else can I help you with?
What does a low IGA serum mean?
A low serum IgA (Immunoglobulin A) level may indicate a deficiency in the body's immune system, making an individual more susceptible to infections, particularly in mucosal areas such as the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. It can be a primary condition, known as selective IgA deficiency, or secondary to other health issues. While many individuals with low IgA may remain asymptomatic, some may experience recurrent infections or autoimmune disorders. It's important to consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and management.
What has the author Bruce Vernon written?
Bruce Vernon has written: 'IgA deficiency'
What is Gamma globulin's effect on IgA deficiency?
Gamma globulin, a preparation of immunoglobulins, can help manage IgA deficiency by providing passive immunity through the administration of other immunoglobulin classes, particularly IgG. While it does not directly replace IgA, it can help reduce the risk of infections and support the immune system in individuals with this deficiency. However, the effectiveness can vary, and some patients may require additional treatments or interventions.
What is the most common form of immunodeficiency?
selective immunoglobulin A deficiency disease.
Explain why some people with a deficit of IgA exhibit recurrent paranasal sinus and respiratory tract infections?
Individuals with a deficiency of immunoglobulin A (IgA) have an impaired mucosal immune response, as IgA plays a crucial role in protecting mucosal surfaces, including the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. This deficiency reduces the ability to neutralize pathogens at these sites, leading to increased susceptibility to infections, particularly recurrent paranasal sinus and respiratory tract infections. Additionally, the lack of IgA can disrupt the balance of the mucosal microbiome, further predisposing these individuals to infections. Consequently, they experience more frequent and severe respiratory illnesses.
What is the population of Iga vas?
The population of Iga vas is 212.
What does the medical abbreviation IgA mean?
IgA stands for immunoglobulin A.
Does IGA sell itune cards?
Iga does not sell i tunes cards but Big W Woolworths do but not iga so don't bother trying
When was Iga Wyrwal born?
Iga Wyrwal was born on February 20, 1989.
When was Iga Wyrwał born?
Iga Wyrwał was born on 1989-02-20.
When was Iga Cembrzyńska born?
Iga Cembrzyńska was born on 1939-07-02.
What is the area of Iga vas?
The area of Iga vas is 2,080,000.0 square meters.
