The chances of survival for a person who has experienced a cardiac arrest in increased by early CPR and early defibrillation. During cardiac arrest, the heart is not pumping and the organs are not receiving oxygen. High quality CPR can provide the organs with oxygen until the heart can be defibrillated or restarted with drugs. Every minute that the organs, especially the brain, are deprived of oxygen decreases the chance of survival.
deliver ventilations over 1 second every 6 to 8 seconds
One breath every 5 seconds
Cardiac arrest should be recognized and treated immediately, ideally within seconds. The chances of survival decrease by about 10% for every minute that passes without intervention, such as CPR or defibrillation. Therefore, it's crucial to initiate emergency response and begin CPR within 1 to 2 minutes after recognizing cardiac arrest to maximize the likelihood of survival.
deliver ventilations over 1 second every 6 to 8 seconds
Generally the dose of adrenaline also known as epinephrine in cardiac arrest is 1mg of the 1:10000 concentration every 3-5 minutes while the arrest continues. Other drugs are used but are more dependant on the type of arrest.
A DEEP depression can cause death, but not from failure or other heart problems, but from indirect causes due to that severe depression. It can lead to suicide, overdose of a medication for depression, and many other reasons. When a person's brain is in a high-intensity depressive state, the heart continues to work. Just remember that a person in a deep comatose state for a long time, the heart functioning remains normal. The heart is the last organ in the body to stop working.
ACLS protocols allow for the use of vasopressin instead of the first does of epinephrine in the v-fib/pulseless v-tach algorithms. If vasopressin is used, no epinephrine is given for 10 minutes following the administration of vasopressin. After that 10 minutes, epinephrine is given every 5 minutes, as per the usual algorithm.
Each minute that defibrillation is delayed reduces the chance of surviving cardiac arrest by 10 percent according to the red cross. http://swpa.redcross.org/index.php?pr=Cardiac_Survival
Yes, they can. Laughing without breathing properly can cause asphyxiation or cardiac arrest. Laughing uncontrollably can also cause atonia and muscle collapse. However, these cases are extremely rare and occurs about on average once every 30 years.
160mg.
This is a great question. Unless the form specifically allows for "partial DNR" then a full DNR includes DNI when the patient has cardiac or respiratory arrest. The question is more complicated when the patient is not a cardiac or respiratory arrest and the doctor wants to intubate. Then the question is really why isn't that doctor getting prior consent. A DNI presumes the right to act without consent (like CPR) In every other invasive treatment or procedure, informed consent is required beforehand so should it be with intubation (unless the patient is in cardiac/respiratory arrest). Doctors seem to use the "emergency exception" to the informed consent rule for emergency intubation (if we don't intubate the patient will go into respiratory arrest) But that may be inconsistent with the patients real spirit of the patient's DNR so in those circumstances, I think the doctor should really be getting the patient's next of kin (or medical POA) to consent or refuse consent (consistent with the DNR).