The reason why any vaccine needs to be given more than once (excepting the flu vaccine, which changes every year) is that researchers have found the each vaccination will only increase antibody levels by a certain percentage. Repeated "booster" shots increase this antibody production throughout adolescence to attain the optimal level of antibodies considered effective against that disease.
To maintain immunity against Hepatitis B, it is recommended to get a series of three doses of the vaccine.
It is only a problem for adults who get two doses because they may have paid for the second vaccine when they didn't need it. There are no ill-effects on the adult body if a second dose is received in one season.
* Tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) * Meningococcal vaccine (MCV4) * Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine seriesThe HPV vaccine is also known as the "cervical cancer vaccine." In June 2006, ACIP recommended the HPV vaccine series for females only based on research results available at that time. If future research shows that the vaccine is also safe and effective for males, additional recommendations may be made. Older children should get the following vaccinations if they did not receive all recommended doses when younger: * Hepatitis B series * Polio series * Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) series * Varicella (chickenpox) series - A second catch-up varicella shot is now recommended for children, adolescents, and adults who have previously received one dose. Some children may need additional vaccines either due to their own specific health conditions or exposure in households to other people with age-related or health-related risks. The additional vaccines for which your child should be assessed include: * Influenza * Pneumococcal polysaccharide (PPV) * Hepatitis A == * Tetanus-Diptheria-Pertussis vaccine * Meningococcal vaccine* * HPV vaccine series * Hepatitis B vaccine series * Polio vaccine series * Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) vaccine series * Varicella (chickenpox) vaccine series * Influenza vaccine * Pneumococcal polysaccharid (PPV) vaccine * Hepatitis A vaccine series * Recommended for previously unvaccinated college freshmen living in dormitories For more information, see the related link.
The hepatitis A vaccine is typically given in two doses, with the second dose administered 6 to 12 months after the first dose. This provides long-lasting protection against the virus.
The pneumonia vaccine schedule depends on the type of vaccine you receive. For the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13), it is recommended for adults aged 65 years or older to receive a single dose. For the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23), adults aged 65 or older may need a single dose, with a potential second dose if it has been more than 5 years since the first dose. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the appropriate vaccination schedule based on individual health factors.
Yes. Children under ten who have an immature immune system need to take two doses of the vaccine to get the appropriate immune response that will enable them to be immunized against influenza. The recommendations are that the first dose of the swine flu vaccine should be given and then in around a month a second dose is given. In approximately three weeks after the second dose, full immunity should be established if the child is otherwise healthy with a fully functioning immune system.
DefinitionThe pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine helps protect against severe infections due to the bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae. The bacteria frequently causes meningitis and pneumonia in children, older adults, and people with chronic illnesses.Even though it's often called a "pneumonia vaccine," the vaccine has not been shown to prevent uncomplicated pneumonia.Alternative NamesVaccine - pneumovax; Immunization - pneumovaxInformationVACCINE INFORMATIONThe pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine is an inactivated-bacteria vaccine, which means it uses dead bacteria to teach the immune system to recognize and fight active bacteria.This vaccine effectively prevents illnesses caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in children over age 2 and adults at risk.WHO SHOULD GET THIS VACCINEThe vaccine is recommended for:High-risk people age 2 or older Includes persons with heart disease, lung disease, kidney disease, alcoholism, diabetes, cirrhosis, cochlear implants, and leaks of cerebrospinal fluidEveryone age 65 years or olderThose with sickle cell diseaseThose who have had their spleen removedPersons who live in nursing homes (extended-care facilities)Persons who live in any institution where there are people with chronic health problemsPersons with conditions that weaken the immune system, such as cancer, HIV, or organ transplantationPersons who receive chronic (long-term) immunosuppressive medications, including steroidsAlaskan natives and certain Native American populations over age 50 who live in high-risk areasThe CDC also recommends that smokers age 19 to 64 also receive the vaccine.A single dose of the vaccine is given by injection. One dose works for most people. However, a second dose is recommended for people over age 65 who received their first dose before age 65 and more than 5 years ago. Other high-risk people, including those with weakened immune systems and spleen problems, may also need a second dose. You should speak with your doctor about specific reasons for vaccination and revaccination.The pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine does not protect against pneumococcal diseases in children under age 2. There is a different vaccine, the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, which is routinely given to younger children to protect against disease due to Streptococcus pneumoniae.RISKS AND SIDE EFFECTSMost people have no or only minor side effects from the pneumococcal vaccine. Pain and redness at the injection site can occur. As is the case with any drug or vaccine, there is a small chance of allergic reactions, more serious reactions, or even death after receiving the pneumococcal vaccine.Watch for and be familiar with how to treat minor side effects, such as low-grade fever or tenderness, at the injection site.Call your health care provider if moderate or serious side effects appear after the pneumococcal vaccine has been given, or if you have any questions or concerns related to the vaccine.Talk to your doctor before receiving the pneumococcal vaccine if you have a fever or an illness that is more serious than a cold or if there is a chance you might be pregnant. The vaccine may be withheld or delayed.Call your health care provider if you are not sure if the pneumococcal vaccine should be delayed, withheld, or only given to a specific person.ReferencesAdvisory Committee on Immunization Practices. Recommended adult immunization schedule: United States, 2009. MMWR. January 2, 2009;57;Q1-Q4.
The Hepatitis A vaccine is typically given in two doses, with the second dose administered 6-18 months after the first dose. It provides long-lasting protection, and a booster dose is generally not needed for most healthy individuals.
There is no vaccine for H1N1 (swine flu) virus yet. The CDC expect the first batch to be available in October at the earliest. Those doses will go to people who need it most. Those with chronic illness, the very young and old and health workers.
If the monkey does have any disease then your doctor decides on how many you need because of how bad and deep the scratch is. If the monkey does not have a disease then you might not need any needles at all.
No, the shingles vaccine is not administered annually. The recommended vaccine for shingles, Shingrix, is given in two doses, typically with the second dose administered two to six months after the first. Once you have completed the vaccination series, you do not need to get the vaccine again, as it provides long-lasting protection. However, it's always best to consult with a healthcare provider for personalized recommendations.
You should have had 3 primary doses; 2 aren't enough. You will need to start over and get 3 shots per the vaccination schedule and then if you want to be tested for the antibody and determine if the 4th shot is needed, at that time you can do so.