Normal
A graben is bounded on each side by normal faults and upthrown crustal blocks known as horsts.
An uplifted block bounded by two reverse faults is known as a horst. It is a raised area of land between two parallel faults where the central block has moved upward relative to the blocks on either side. Horsts are common features in regions where tectonic forces cause the Earth's crust to compress and deform.
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A Graben is the result of a block of land being downthrown producing a valley with a distinct scarp or "escarpment" on each side. An example would be a rift valley such as the Jordan valley (containing the dead sea) or the East African rift valley system or the Rio Grande Rift in New Mexico and west Texas.Grabens often occur side-by-side with Horsts. (see related link below).A Horst is the reverse of a Graben, it forms as a residual elevated block of land left between the formation of two parallel Graben. An example of a Horst would be the Black Forrest mountains, and the Ruwenzori Range.
I know of no structure caused by pairs of reverse faults. Pairs of normal faults can cause "horsts" and "graben". However in horizontal stress fields where the maximum principle stress is parallel to the Earth's surface and the minimum principle stress is normal to the Earth's surface only one one fault surface/plane usually develops (which may be imbricated) as the shortening and thickening usually build away from the source of compression. Also as the crust thickens the principal stress will not remain normal to Earth's surface for long. Reverse faults at very high strains therefore merge into napes or subduction zones.
A graben is a down-thrown block which is bounded by faults along its sides. A horst is an up-thrown block which is bounded along its sides. When a horst and graben are beside each other, they are considered to be a horst and graben structural system.
The basin and range province is characterized by horst and graben topography, resulting from the presence of many normal faults. Horsts are uplifted blocks of crust, while grabens are down-dropped blocks, creating alternating mountain ranges and valleys across the region.
The Balcones Fault Zone is a geological fault line in Texas that runs from the southwest part of the state to the north-central region. It is known for causing seismic activity and creating unique features in the landscape, such as the Balcones Escarpment. The fault zone is significant for shaping the geology of central Texas and influencing groundwater resources in the region.
Uplifted blocks are called horsts. They are characterized by being elevated relative to the surrounding areas due to tectonic forces, often created by the movement of faults.
Both structures are formed as a result of large scale (regional) normal faulting. Graben are "valley" features and Horsts are "mountain" features.A Graben is the result of a block of land being downthrown producing a valley with a distinct scarp or "escarpment" on each side. An example would be a rift valley such as the Jordan valley (containing the dead sea) or the East African rift valley system.Grabens often occur side-by-side with Horsts. (see related link below).A Horst is the reverse of a Graben, it forms as a residual elevated block of land left between the formation of two parallel Graben. An example of a Horst would be the Black Forrest mountains, and the Ruwenzori Range.Please note that both features are NOT produce by tension, NO point on the Earth's crust can be in tension. However they do form in areas of crustal extension where the principal (maximum) stress is vertical (gravity).
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At divergent boundaries, land features associated with orogenesis include rift valleys and mid-ocean ridges. These features form as tectonic plates move apart, causing the crust to stretch and fracture, leading to the creation of new crust and landforms.