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Hatshepsut was one of the most outstanding pharaoh's in Ancient Egypt, achieving great power and influence during the New Kingdom. As was common in royal families, Hatshepsut originally married her half-brother Thutmose II. When he died the throne passed to his small son, Thutmose III. As the child's stepmother, Hatshepsut served for a period as regent and co-ruler. Then in a bold move she siezed the throne for herself and gained the backing of several high court officials and priests. She ruled Egypt as Pharaoh in her own right for 22 years. Because a Pharaoh was by custom male, she dressed in men's clothes and attached a ceremonial beard to her chin. Statues usually depict her wearing the beard. When ruling the nation Hatshepsut ordered the construction of a temple in her honor at Deir El-Bahri. On the walls of the temple, reliefs tell of her birth as the daughter of the god Amon and of her right to rule Egypt. They also portray her being crowned during the reign of her father, Thutmose I, but this event was a fiction. The reign of Hatshepsut was a peaceful period of effecient government, expanding foreign trade, and artistic rebirth. Carved on the walls of Hatshepsut's funeral temple is a record of a successful trading expedition sent south to Punt (in present-day Somalia), which opened up the possibility of trade in ivory, incense, ebony, and gold. New types of sculpture developed during her rule. A unique style of temple construction that employed terraces became popular; her cult temple at Deir El-Bahri was a fine example of this new architectural design. Hatshepsut came to a mysterious end. During a revolt in the period of Thutmose III, she disappeared. Her statues, temples, and shrines were later mutilated and her body was never found. (Robert J. Walker - World Civilazations: A Comparative Study - pg 67)

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