Did the Greeks give the Romans their alphabet and their knowledge of architecture?

Answer 1

I have the section quiz and theres no Ephesians as a pickable answer, so im pretty positive its the "Etruscans"actually

Both Etruscans and Latins adopted the Greek alphabet and adapted it to their phonetics. Early Latin had some characters which were similar to that of the Etruscans, probably for the reproduction of some sounds which were similar to Etruscan ones. Soon these were abandoned and the Latin alphabet became a fully Latin adaptation.

Both Etruscans and Romans adopted the architectural models of the Greeks. There was also an order which the Romans called Tuscan (Etruscan). They did not use it much and mainly for buildings which were large or needed to be robust (eg. military structures). The Etruscan order was an adaptation that combined features of two Greek orders, and was less ornate and robust.

The earliest arches have been found in Mesopotamia and of the east coast of the Mediterranean south of Turkey. The Greeks used arches rarely and only for underground tunnels and occasionally for bridges. The Romans may have adopted it from the Etruscans. However, this may be part of a kind of theoretical thinking that has now been challenged and we may well not know.

Answer 2

The Greeks established settlements in southern Italy in the 7th and 6th centuries BC. Since they were a more advanced civilisation, they had a great impact on the all the Italic peoples they came into contact with. The Latins (the Romans were Latins), like all other Italic peoples, adopted and adapted the Cumanean alphabet. This alphabet was a version of the western Greek alphabet which was used in the Greek city of Cumae, near Naples. Therefore, the Latins and all other italic peoples owed the development of their written languages to the Greeks.

The Greek settlers in Italy influenced the architecture of the Romans (and the other Latins) and other Italic peoples (including the Etruscans) in the period mentioned above. At the time, the peoples of Italy built wattle-and-daub huts. They learnt how to build stone structures from the Greeks.