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The development of mercantilism in the 16th and 17th centuries emphasized the importance of accumulating wealth through trade, prompting European powers to establish colonies in the Americas for resource extraction and market expansion. The trans-Atlantic trade routes facilitated not only the exchange of goods but also the forced migration of enslaved Africans through the Middle Passage, which provided labor for the labor-intensive agricultural economy of the colonies. This exploitation of resources and labor fueled economic growth, leading to the expansion of colonial settlements and increased wealth for European nations. Consequently, this interconnected trade system solidified the colonies' role as integral parts of the mercantilist framework.

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