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According to most historians, Rome fell in 476, and this began the Middle Ages.

At that time, the authority of the West Roman Empire had already crumbled, and was recognized as something to be obeyed in very few areas. It continued to be recognized for only a few years after that in the West, but continued for centuries in the East, until 1453, when Constantinople fell.

Roman law continued to be practiced even in the West, but the time after the fifth century was chaotic for several centuries. During this time, the Germanic tribal groups that had taken over they various parts of the empire had to figure out how to integrate their own customs with those of the people who lived under them, and wars and uncertainty continued.

During this time, the Church remained as a place where learning was important. But the mess the West was in made difficult for trade or education to prosper, and this all had to be worked out before things could be really right again. But by the time the Carolingian Empire was founded in 800, a good deal of progress had been made.

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15y ago

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