Lateen sails were adapted from the Mediterranean region.
No the Caravel had a lateen and a square sail and was steered by rudders. The lateen sail aloud it to sail against the wind
A caravel is a small, highly maneuverable sailing ship developed in the 15th century by the Portuguese. The lateen sails gave it speed and the capacity for sailing to windward.
The lateen sail, which allowed tacking into the wind, the block and tackle, which allowed the raising of large sails with less manpower, the compass and the sextant. I don't know which three your teacher wants, but these four were critical.
"Square-riggers" have primarily square sails, but the jib sails are triangular.
The invention of triangular sails allowed vessels to travel with a much higher amplitude regarding the wind. While rectangular sails permitted travelling with the wind within the aft quadrant (90º directly behind a ship), triangular sails allowed up to 140º, almost the entire aft. The invention of the sextant allowed navigation by starmapping with much greater precision and ease.
Trapezoidal, actually. But the square sails were called square sails. Lateen or square could be referred to as yards.
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They were referred to as "four-cornered" sails.
I'm not an expert, but I believe you can sail closer to the wind with a lateen-rigged sail than with square sails.
Lateen Sails
Triangular-shaped sails helped catch wind from the sides and rear.
Square sails are not truly square but rectangular with a longer long side on the bottom perimeter of the sail. They were and are referred to as "four-cornered" sails.
One type is the "lateen sail", but there are also jibs; Genoa & spinnaker.
A caravel is one of the ships Columbus sailed in that has 2-4 masts and lateen sails.
Instruments: Lateen sails Improvments: Caravel
Lanteen sails were used by the ancient Egyptians and many other Mediterranean countries too
Lateen Sails