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They had to be prepared to turn out and defend their territory, farms and city against attack . They therefore had weapons, and undertook regular military training and exercises. The Greek city-states were originally tracts of farmland around a fortress on a hill (acropolis) as a refuge against marauding neighbouring cities and nomads. As the people developed, a city grew up ablot the hill and was often walled for the same reason. War was their way of life - in pre-television days, breeding was an occupation and families were very large. And as their land was very limited, it helped control the population. Not enough though, so the cities had to load up the surplus on ships periodically, and send them off to seize new land and establish their own cities, resulting in over 2,000 cities around the Mediterranean and Black Seas. Peace gave breeding time, war helped curtail the surplus o the breeding.

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