How did the ancient Greeks fortify their cities?

Answer 1

To fortify their cities, the ancient Greeks first built a fortress on a hill (acropolis) to which they could retreat when attacked. Then as the city developed around the hill, it was often walled to protect the houses as well. The walls were made of rock which was gained by establishing a quarry and dragging or floating the stone to the site.

Answer 2

The ancient Greek city-states protected their cities by fortifying surrounding hills, building walls, and making the utmost use of the natural terrain. Building their walls with stones, wood and mud bricks created obstacles for their enemies. These defensive measures allowed for smaller militias to keep their cities safe. Additionally, they dug deep ditches in front of their fortified hills and walls. This gave them, as defenders, a better position from which they could use bows and arrows and spears against attacking forces. And, these deep ditches made enemy siege towers difficult to gain a threatening position close to a wall whereby enemy soldiers could not use them to penetrate the city's defensives.