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Industry as we know it didn't exist. Each city-state had its own tradesmen and farmers. Where a city-state could produce a surplus of food or metal ores, or manufactured good, it traded them to add to its revenues. New colonies were the result of overpopulation which could not be supported by the capacity of a city. The surplus population was periodically shipped off around the Mediterranean and Black Seas to seize land and set up new city-states, which became independent, not colonies.

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