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By 270 BC Rome had gained control of central and southern Italy. She did not actually conquered these areas. She made alliances with the peoples of these areas in the interwar period between the Second and Third Samnite war (304-298 BC) , after winning the Third Samnite War (298-290 BC) and after winning the Pyrrhic War (280-275 BC). The alliances involved protection by Rome and the provision of soldiers by the allies at their own expense. These soldiers fought in auxiliary units which supported the Roman legions. The system worked because the Romans supported the ruling elites of the allied peoples and the allies shared the booty of war, which could be very substantial.

Rome expanded beyond Italy with the Punic Wars. In the First Punic War (264-241 BC)she gained Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica. In the Second Punic War (218-202) she gained southern Spain and had an alliance with the Numidians of Algeria. In the Third Punic War (149-146 BC) she took Tunisia and western Libya. In 146 BC Rome also annexed mainland Greece.

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12y ago

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