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In terms of the battle itself it can be considered as a complete disaster however in the larger scheme of the entire war it was arguably necessary for success. Here are some reasons why it can be claimed a success:

  • it fulfilled its key objectives by relieving pressure on the French at Verdun who were close to collapse, it made the German army move troops fighting in Verdun to the Somme therefore aiding the French
  • German casualties (500,000) by the end of the five months was greater than that of the British (420,000)
  • weakened the German army who, unlike the Allies, did not have sufficient reserves to fight on such a scale as the Somme again, from this point the Germans knew it was unlikely they could win the war
  • arguably a victory for the Allies shown by the German's strategic scorched earth withdrawal. They were worn out and it broke German morale and the heart of the German army
  • allowed new tactics to be formed and tested: use of tanks and the creeping barrage
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14y ago

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