In "The Kingdom of Mattias," Robert is significantly impacted by the market revolution as it transforms both the economy and social dynamics of his time, leading to increased mobility and new opportunities but also social dislocation. The Second Great Awakening, with its emphasis on individual salvation and personal piety, influences Robert's spiritual journey, prompting him to seek deeper meaning and connection in a rapidly changing world. This interplay between economic change and religious fervor shapes his identity and beliefs, ultimately driving him toward the charismatic leader Mattias.