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In the summer of 1932, about 20,000 veterans demonstrated in Washington, DC, to convince Congress to vote to provide their World War I bonus immediately, instead of waiting until 1945 when the bonus was going to be issued. Congress refused to act and adjourned in July without passing the bonus. Most of the vets went back home. Those who remained set up "Hoovervilles" on the outskirts of the city, policed themselves, cooperated with authorities, and were mostly peaceful in their demonstrations. Hoover believed that the "Bonus Boys" were led by communists and anarchist agitators. (Actually, the most influencial group behind the Bonus Army was the American Legion.) Hoover called upon Douglas MacArthur to disperse the Bonus camps. The use of troops, tanks, and the death of one infant was more than Americans could stand and Hoover's popularity became worse than ever. The Hoovervilles were torn down and never replaced.

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During the Great Depression what was a camp of unemployed individuals who had lost their home called?

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