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The lyrics for the "Star-Spangled Banner" were actually written by Francis Scott Key. The melody that was chosen to accompany the lyrics was composed by Englishman John Stafford Smith for "The Anacreontic Song", a popular song that already existed at the time that the "Star-Spangled Banner" was written. It was Francis Key's brother-in-law , Joseph H Nicholson, who realised that the lyrics Key's had written fit very well with Stafford's melody, and paired the two.

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