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It depends on how you define the "edge of space." There are a number of definitions out there.

  • The Karman line is 100 km above the surface of the earth (about 62 miles)
  • The US Air Force generally designates anyone who travels 50 miles up as an astronaut
  • NASA says 76 miles up is where the atmosphere is just thick enough to support directional control with air-based surfaces, as opposed to directional thrusters

Yuri Gagarin is the first person to reach space. His ride in 1961 ranged between 105 and 203 miles up. But he was in a spacecraft, not an airplane.

The first person to qualify in an "airplane" under any of the above criteria was Robert M. White, flying a North American X-15 experimental rocket plane on July 17, 1962. He flew to 59.6 miles above the surface of the earth, and reached a speed of 3,831 mph.

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