tobacco
numerals
Constantinople was seen as a bulwark against an Islamic conquest of Europe. Its fall to the Ottomans meant that the Ottomans would soon conquer the Balkans and pose a direct threat to major Central and Eastern European States such as Russia, Poland, and the Austrian Empire.
controlled trade routes between asia and europe -apex
ottomans
Europeans regarded the Ottomans as a threat primarily due to their rapid territorial expansion and military strength, which challenged European states' sovereignty and stability. The Ottomans controlled key trade routes and major cities, including Constantinople, which heightened fears of economic domination. Additionally, the Ottoman Empire's Islamic identity posed a cultural and religious challenge to predominantly Christian Europe, fueling tensions and conflicts, particularly during the Crusades and later military confrontations. This perception was further intensified by the Ottomans' ambitions to expand into Southeastern Europe, threatening the balance of power on the continent.
Ottomans advancing across Europe
Ottomans advancing across Europe
Cats have already been introduced to Europe.
tabacco
numerals
No ottomans did not use ottomans
Coffee was brought to Europe from Africa, by Arabs.
Constantinople was seen as a bulwark against an Islamic conquest of Europe. Its fall to the Ottomans meant that the Ottomans would soon conquer the Balkans and pose a direct threat to major Central and Eastern European States such as Russia, Poland, and the Austrian Empire.
Well your probably thinking of Vienna but there was a whole lot more in the Balkans and Hungary.
The Ottomans grew wealthy by taxing trade between Europe and East Asia.
controlled trade routes between asia and europe -apex
ottomans