It is D on page 471
The merchants constantly traveled to new areas and they then exported to russia many items and goods
The Ottomans sought to take over the Safavid Empire primarily due to religious and territorial motivations. The Safavids were Shiite Muslims, which posed a significant ideological threat to the Sunni-dominated Ottoman Empire, leading to sectarian tensions. Additionally, the Ottomans aimed to expand their territory and control strategic trade routes in the region, viewing the Safavid Empire as a rival that needed to be subdued to enhance their own power and influence in the Middle East.
The geographical location and environment of the Ottoman Empire, Safavid Empire, and Swahili Coast significantly shaped their economic and cultural trajectories. The Ottoman Empire, straddling Europe and Asia, benefited from trade routes connecting diverse cultures, fostering a cosmopolitan society and a robust economy based on commerce and agriculture. In contrast, the Safavid Empire, situated in Persia, developed a distinct Persian culture and economy centered on land-based agriculture and trade, influenced by its mountainous terrain. Meanwhile, the Swahili Coast, with its strategic position along the Indian Ocean, thrived on maritime trade, leading to a unique blend of African, Arab, and Persian cultures, driven by its engagement in global trade networks.
The Ottoman advance on Isfahan posed a significant threat to the Safavid Empire as it undermined their territorial integrity and control over key trade routes. Isfahan, being the capital of the Safavid Empire, was not only a political center but also a symbol of Safavid power and legitimacy. The Ottomans aimed to expand their influence in the region, which could potentially destabilize Safavid rule and incite internal dissent. This military pressure forced the Safavids to divert resources and attention to defend their territory, straining their already vulnerable state.
The Indian culture flourished during the Gupta Empire through Indian trade.
The roaad system was fairly safe and enhanced with rest stops.
The Safavid Empire was in close proximity to major trade routes which promoted cultural blending
The trade carried out in the Aztec empire was usually done by barter, or the exchange of goods without the use of money.
The merchants constantly traveled to new areas and they then exported to russia many items and goods
To the north of the Safavid Empire, the physical barrier was the Caspian Sea, which limited direct land access and provided a buffer against northern invasions. To the south, the rugged Zagros Mountains created a natural barrier, separating the Safavid territories from neighboring regions and contributing to the empire's defense. These geographical features played significant roles in shaping the empire's military strategies and trade routes.
The trade carried out in the Aztec empire was usually done by barter, or the exchange of goods without the use of money.
The Ottomans sought to take over the Safavid Empire primarily due to religious and territorial motivations. The Safavids were Shiite Muslims, which posed a significant ideological threat to the Sunni-dominated Ottoman Empire, leading to sectarian tensions. Additionally, the Ottomans aimed to expand their territory and control strategic trade routes in the region, viewing the Safavid Empire as a rival that needed to be subdued to enhance their own power and influence in the Middle East.
The geographical location and environment of the Ottoman Empire, Safavid Empire, and Swahili Coast significantly shaped their economic and cultural trajectories. The Ottoman Empire, straddling Europe and Asia, benefited from trade routes connecting diverse cultures, fostering a cosmopolitan society and a robust economy based on commerce and agriculture. In contrast, the Safavid Empire, situated in Persia, developed a distinct Persian culture and economy centered on land-based agriculture and trade, influenced by its mountainous terrain. Meanwhile, the Swahili Coast, with its strategic position along the Indian Ocean, thrived on maritime trade, leading to a unique blend of African, Arab, and Persian cultures, driven by its engagement in global trade networks.
Some examples of cultural blending- migration- pursuit of religious freedom or conversion- trade- conquestSome reasons why it blended in the Safavid Empire"Suleyman's intrest in learning and culture prompted him to bring the best foreign artists and scholars to his court. They brought new ideas about art, literature, and learning to the empire."Source(s)McDougal Littell - Modern World History: Patterns of Interaction (Chapter 2.2, page 78)
Polar easerlies
The Persian road system connected the satrapies of the Empire, particularly the Royal Road from the capital of Sardis in the west to the capital of Susa in the east. Communications and trade were also carried out by sea and river craft.
Yes, there was some degree of social mobility in the Safavid Empire, although it was limited. While the society was largely stratified, individuals could improve their status through military service, administrative roles, or by gaining favor with the ruling elite. Additionally, the Safavid promotion of trade and craftsmanship allowed some merchants and artisans to ascend the social ladder. However, significant barriers remained due to the rigid class structure and the predominance of aristocratic families.