Yes, but only for a short time about 1000 years ago.
Birmingham has been a settlement since the Anglo Saxon period and there is evidence of habitation going back 500,000 years. Although locally important, Birmingham has not been the capital of England
Osaka is the capital city of Japan's Osaka Prefecture.
Cebu City was never the official capital of the Philippines. However, it served as a significant political and economic center during the Spanish colonial period and was briefly considered a potential capital due to its central location. The capital was officially established in Manila in 1571, which has remained the capital since then. Cebu City is often referred to as the "Queen City of the South" due to its historical and cultural importance.
No, Kiev was never the capital of Russia.
Yes
No. The only other capital England has ever had is Winchester.
No
No. Canterbury had been the capital of England in the middle ages and still hosts the head of the Anglican Church. Winchester was the capital of England between the 10th and 11th centuries. London is the de facto capital of England and UK since the 12th century.
London and Birmingham are both cities in England. London is the capital and Birmingham never has been.
No
No
No
No
Norwich has never been the capital of England. It was a regional capital during Roman times.
no
no
Homosexual acts were a capital offence until 1861.