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In ancient Mesopotamia, a city was typically a densely populated urban area characterized by complex structures, including temples, palaces, and residential buildings, serving as a political, economic, and cultural hub. Nearby farmland, often irrigated by rivers like the Tigris and Euphrates, provided essential agricultural resources, supporting the city’s population through the cultivation of crops such as barley and wheat. This close relationship between urban centers and agricultural land facilitated trade and the development of social hierarchies, with surplus production allowing for specialization in various crafts and professions.

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3w ago

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