What advantage did the Spanish have in waging war against both the Aztecs and the Incas?

Answer 1

The Spanish had several key advantages in waging war against the Aztecs and Incas, including superior military technology, such as firearms and steel weapons, which outmatched the traditional weapons of the indigenous peoples. Additionally, they benefited from the use of horses, which provided mobility and psychological intimidation. The Spanish also exploited divisions among indigenous groups, forming alliances with those who were rivals of the Aztecs and Incas, thereby enhancing their military strength. Furthermore, the introduction of diseases like smallpox decimated native populations, significantly weakening their ability to resist conquest.